Endodontic Microbiology

Description

Under normal conditions, the pulpo-dentin complex is sterile and isolated from oral microbiota by overlying enamel and cementum. In the event that the integrity of these natural layers is breached or naturally absent, the pulpo-dentin complex is exposed to the oral environment and then challenged by microorganisms present in carious lesions. Microorganisms can reach the dental pulp by six different routes i.e. through the open cavity, the dentinal tubules, gingival sulcus or periodontal ligament, blood stream, a broken occlusal seal or faulty restoration of a tooth previously treated by endodontic therapy, extension of a periapical infection from adjacent infected teeth. During dental operative procedures, these possible paths must be considered to prevent the ingress of microorganisms.